Which techniques are employed during steep turns?

The coordinated use of ailerons and rudder during steep turns is crucial for maintaining controlled flight and ensuring the aircraft remains balanced. When a pilot enters a steep turn, the aircraft must be banked significantly, which introduces a tendency for the aircraft to slip or skid. The use of ailerons helps to initiate and maintain the bank angle, while the rudder is necessary to counteract the adverse yaw that occurs due to the increased lift produced by the raised wing and the drag on the down-going wing. This coordinated action of ailerons and rudder keeps the turn smooth and helps maintain altitude without losing control, which is essential for safe maneuvering.

The other techniques mentioned do not address the primary requirements for performing steep turns effectively. For instance, relying solely on elevator trim would not provide the necessary control over bank and yaw, and raising the landing gear is not relevant unless the aircraft is specifically designed to retract gear for performance reasons. Reducing engine power significantly could lead to a loss of altitude and insufficient thrust to maintain both speed and altitude in a turn. Thus, the coordination of ailerons and rudder is key for executing steep turns safely and effectively.