What is included in the procedures for collision avoidance?

The correct answer involves conducting visual scans and making clearing turns, which are essential practices for collision avoidance in aviation. These procedures help pilots maintain situational awareness and improve their chances of detecting other aircraft in their vicinity.

When conducting visual scans, pilots actively look around the cockpit and outside to identify other planes, obstacles, and changes in the environment. This visual awareness is crucial, especially in busy airspaces where multiple aircraft might be operating.

Making clearing turns—essentially executing a turn to look for other traffic before entering a new flight path—ensures that the pilot is not only aware of their surroundings but is also taking proactive steps to avoid potential collisions. When a pilot makes a clearing turn before finalizing a course, they can spot any conflicting traffic that may not be visible in a straight line of flight.

The other options presented do not adequately address effective collision avoidance procedures. Flying at higher altitudes can reduce the risk of collisions, but it alone does not ensure that a pilot is aware of other aircraft. Avoiding all small airports may limit opportunities for training and operations, but it is not a comprehensive strategy for collision avoidance. Lastly, flying in formation may enhance coordination between specific aircraft, but it does not inherently improve the overall situational awareness necessary to